• For any vector let and For let The information

  2021-07-06

  

  For any vector , let , and . For , let The information matrix for the partial likelihood at Eq. (2.2) can be expressed as It is well known that NU 9056 under certain regularity conditions such as (A)–(D) in Andersen and Gill (1982), where and denote the maximum likelihood estimator from Eq. (

• Although the control group and tinnitus group do not signifi

  2021-07-06

  

  Although the control group and tinnitus group do not significantly differ based on age, gender or hearing loss, a limitation of this study is that the control group is only group-matched, and not individually matched. Furthermore, we only tested hearing acuity in tinnitus patients via standard pure

• There have been attempts to stimulate

  2021-07-06

  

  There have been attempts to stimulate the dopaminergic system to influence cognition in women around menopause who have subjective complaints about their cognition by Epperson et al. (Epperson et al., 2011, Epperson et al., 2015). In perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, Epperson et al. found tha

• Additionally both in vitro and in vivo studies

  2021-07-06

  

  Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that a Ca2+ influx is closely related to apoptosis (Rizzuto et al., 2003). Calmodulin (CaM) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells, which senses intracellular calcium levels by bindi

• In addition to PGC transcriptional co repressors such as NCO

  2021-07-06

  

  In addition to PGC1α, transcriptional co-repressors such as NCOR and RIP140 participate in oxidative muscle remodeling induced by exercise, whereby reductions in their expression and the resulting de-repression of downstream TFs activates oxidative gene expression (Seth et al., 2007, Yamamoto et al.

• ATP binding cassette transporters such as ABCA and ABCG

  2021-07-06

  

  ATP-binding cassette transporters such as ABCA1 and ABCG1 are expressed on cell membranes to transport cholesterol from calcein am to HDL. These transporters help to improve RCT and reduce atherosclerosis. ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene expression are primarily induced by the stimulation of liver X receptor/

• This study showed that ER redox disturbance associated

  2021-07-06

  

  This study showed that ER-redox disturbance-associated ER stress is linked to cytoplasmic chaperone signaling, including HSP90 stability and its client protein, eNOS. The highly increased PERK and IRE-1α lead to dissociation with the chaperone protein, thereby decreasing HSP90 stability (Fig. 5B). S

• Studies using SERPINB deficient mice established the

  2021-07-06

  

  Studies using SERPINB1-deficient mice established the significant role for SERPINB1 in protecting lung antimicrobial proteins from proteolysis during microbe infection and its regulatory role in sustaining the balance of neutrophil reserve [15]. Neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) (elastase, cathepsi

• br Discussion The regulation of intracellular

  2021-07-05

  

  Discussion The regulation of intracellular cholesterol levels is a biological process of vital importance for cellular function and integrity, and involves robust transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms that are sensitive to metabolic feedback control. Amongst post-transcriptional mec

• Cellular immune responses such as phagocytosis and

  2021-07-05

  

  Cellular immune responses, such as phagocytosis and apoptosis, are very important processes to eradicate the invading pathogens and reduce concomitant host damage. And all of these processes are fine-tuned by the ubiquitin system (Li et al., 2016). Phagocytosis is a major mechanism of cellular immun

• The possibility of harm with DPP inhibitors in

  2021-07-05

  

  The possibility of harm with DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with clinically overt heart failure has been recently highlighted by the results of the VIVIDD (Vildagliptin in Ventricular Dysfunction Diabetes) trial (68), the only trial to date that has been designed to evaluate the effects of a DPP-4 inh

• Proof of concept studies with disulfiram

  2021-07-05

  

  Proof-of-concept studies with disulfiram suggest the potential utility of DβH inhibitors for treatment of cocaine use disorder. In a study of 74 subjects stabilized on methadone and randomized into disulfiram and placebo groups for 10weeks, disulfiram treatment reduced cocaine-positive urines, and d

• br Use of recombinant collagen to study DDR collagen

  2021-07-05

  

  Use of recombinant collagen to study DDR–collagen interactions Synthetic peptides have proven highly valuable in replicating the characteristics of collagen and in defining the sites on collagen essential for binding and studying protein–collagen interactions. There are, however, disadvantages to

• ikk Recent studies have shown arsenic could cause

  2021-07-05

  

  Recent studies have shown arsenic could cause autophagic cell death in malignant cells, including leukemia and malignant glioma ikk [16], [17]. However, at present, little is known about the consequences of arsenic-treated urothelial cells in autophagy and expression of its related proteins. This p

• A range of therapies exists for the treatment of

  2021-07-05

  

  A range of therapies exists for the treatment of inflammation-driven diseases, which can be summarized as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticoids and steroidal-related drugs (Ward et al., 2008). Despite of these notable successes, there are still major unmet medical needs in the t

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