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Both progesterone and the calcium ionophore A rely on
2020-02-04
Both progesterone and the calcium ionophore A23187 rely on the synthesis of cAMP by sAC to elicit exocytosis in human sperm (Fig. 2E-H and [8], [60]). We had reported earlier that digestion of endogenous cAMP with recombinant cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 4D [9] or inhibition of its synthesis with
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SIRT has deacetylated regulation on
2020-02-03
SIRT1 has deacetylated regulation on numerous nonhistone protein substrates [Atgs, Foxo1, Foxo3, PGC-1α, NF-kB, E2F1 and p53] (Conrad et al., 2016) to play a key role in protecting against cell stress. Therefore, the role of SIRT1 in fluorine-induced oxidative stress was explored. The results reveal
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Of note BRQ and LFM are
2020-02-03
Of note, BRQ and LFM are two well-known immunosuppressive agents (Batt, 1999). As for LFM, it was reported as immunosuppressive therapy for bone marrow (Avery et al., 2004) and renal (Chon and Josephson, 2011) transplantation. Accumulating evidence indicated that organ transplant patients irrelevan
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The IL family consists of nine related molecules IL IL
2020-02-03
The IL-10 family consists of nine related molecules: IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, IL-28α, IL-28β, and IL-29 [34]. These molecules have a somewhat conserved primary structure and contain a core of hydrophobic carboxypeptidase and two pairs of disulfide bonds in the chain, giving them a
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Previously we had proposed three possible models with one
2020-02-03
Previously we had proposed three possible models, with one being that hCrm1 fundamentally interacted more favorably or strongly with Rev-RRE complex, compared to mCrm1. We decided to test that model, which was the simplest and most straightforward, by both biochemical and genetic means. By using bac
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Regarding the mechanism of action of
2020-02-03
Regarding the mechanism of action of CRF, several studies have shown that low doses of CRF may preferentially activate CRF1 receptors in glutamatergic projection neurons, serotoninergic neurons or glutamatergic collaterals in the medial prefrontal cortex (Vertes, 2004). Indeed, prosencephalic inacti
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Thus the understanding of the various
2020-02-03
Thus, the understanding of the various mechanisms of action of estrogen and SERMs is an important medical challenge and could help to develop an “ideal” SERM, preserving the beneficial effects of estrogen in the bone and urogenital system, and reducing the unwanted side effects, mainly increased ris
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br Results br Discussion We
2020-02-03
Results Discussion We first tested for any adverse effect of ATR on learning and memory with a MWM test, which is used to assess hippocampal spatial learning and memory abilities in rodents (Vorhees and Williams, 2006). In the place navigation test, the escape latency – or time spent locating
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It is without doubt that the vagina plays a significant
2020-02-03
It is without doubt that the vagina plays a significant role in the perception of coital stimulation leading to sexual arousal and, finally, orgasm. In response to sensory stimulation, relaxation of vaginal vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle occurs, resulting in an increase in local blood flow a
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In conclusion we have found that Egr can
2020-02-03
In conclusion, we have found that Egr1 can play an inhibitory role on DBH promoter-driven transcription. This inhibition requires a newly identified Egr1 response Pioglitazone sale at the −227/−224 region of DBH promoter. This inhibition appears to result from Egr1 directly bound to the DBH promote
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br Introduction br Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids are
2020-02-03
Introduction Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids, are fundamental constituents of all eukaryotic membranes and their metabolism is carried out by a broad array of anabolic and Apatinib with ceramide as their hub (for a review, (Hannun and Obeid, 2018)). Ceramide can be formed by multiple pa
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Besides the enhanced expression of costimulatory and adhesio
2020-01-30
Besides the enhanced expression of costimulatory and adhesion proteins, also the expression of the CD83 surface molecule is strongly enhanced during DC maturation (Banchereau and Steinman 1998; Banchereau et al. 2000). In fact, CD83 is a major cell surface marker for fully mature DC, as it can not b
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Employing distinct genetic and pharmacological approaches Di
2020-01-30
Employing distinct genetic and pharmacological approaches, Divakaruni et al. now demonstrate that macrophages still acquire their IL-4-elicited phenotype in the absence of CPT1a (considered the main isoform in leukocytes) or CPT2, and highlight that the increased LC-FAO in M(IL-4) cells is less cruc
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SB408124 WM refers to the storage of information
2020-01-30
WM refers to the storage of information in the context of processing, and coordination of elements into new structures (Oberauer, Süß, Wilhelm, & Wittman, 2003). Concerning the impact of WM on ISV facets, a strong negative association between WM and ex-Gaussian tau, suggesting that improved WM perfo
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We analyzed whether HaCaT cells
2020-01-30
We analyzed whether HaCaT Bedaquiline treated with PLD can alter the expression of genes involved in DNA damage response. Key DNA damage cues activate the sensory DNA-PK/ATM/ATR kinases, which relay two parallel cascades that ultimately serve to inactivate the Cyclin B-cdc2 complex. The protein kina
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